Rhetorical Analysis Of El Pasos Perimeter Of Poverty

Rhetorical Analysis of El Paso’s Perimeter of Poverty Article El Paso’s Perimeter of Poverty In the areas of the colonias, people who live there deal with living in poverty. Think of the ghetto or the inner cities, it is like what the people, who live in the colonias, go through. Others would not think that the colonias suffers like third world countries until the article, El Paso’s Perimeter of Poverty, written by David Maraniss, speaks of the colonias area in the border of El Paso having no running water and how the government are not helping with funding of any kind. Maraniss gives the description of the problem in a way that causes people to think about what is happening in areas of which they live in and by†¦show more content†¦Ethos Maraniss proves his credibility by using interviews, statistics, and by being able to publish on The Washington Post, a highly credible website. The interviews given in the article helps the audience believe what the author wrote about, because there is proof that what he is taking abou t is legit and not a fabrication. The statistics show that there is facts, of numbers, given that helps the audience see another belief that the article is not just stating information without facts to back him up. Also, seeing how The Washington Post is a credible site that people can read the truth of the world, gives the author more points of showing his credibility. This is highly effective to the audience, due to them seeing multiple proof of the article not being written by a person not educated in that certain area and not throwing around fabricated paragraphs. Making the audience believe in the article and think deeply about what the author speaks of. Pathos The author uses the aspect of how the children’s health deteriorating to have the audience moved through the concept of devastation, making them sway in his argument. He even fuels the audience anger by stating how the government, for years, have not funded the people to help with water, causing the people to get stuck with using contaminated water. Using these points to make the audience feel a certain way after reading the article and want to help with what is going in

Essay Justice - 841 Words

Justice nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Every action or decision we make is either justifiable or unjustifiable. Justice is usually decided by society or the quot;norm.quot; The quot;normquot; changes from one society to another. However, there are always laws that can be broken, consequences that must follow, and punishment that must be imparted. Justice can be seen in two different ways, social and criminal. Justice is in the eye of the beholder because we all have different attitudes about right and wrong. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Criminal justice is a term that refers to the area of social laws which a group of people deem valuable in order for the day-to-day mechanics of society to function. When these laws are broken, the†¦show more content†¦No matter what verdict would have been handed-down, someone, somewhere would have been unsatisfied. If Shively were sentenced to be executed, then his family and friends would have had to fight for justice until the day he died. As the verdict of quot;not guiltyquot; arrived, Patersons family, many police officers, and friends of the family cried for justice. Yet, justice had been served. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Equal and satisfying justice has always been a problem. On May 30, 1939 a group of Texas Rangers decided to ambush and murder two people they wanted to destroy. They shot seventy five bullets into a man named Clyde and fifty four deadly bullets into a young lady named Bonnie. Of course, this is the famous story of the outlaw couple, Bonnie and Clyde. This action branched across the guaranteed right to due process. Another incident of the criminal justices injustices occurred when the ATF decided to arrest David Koresh and his followers. We know how this story ends. The ATF was the reason that many people died and was probably the cause of the Oklahoma City bombing. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;A more recent incident is one that was taped by a helicopter. A group of illegal Mexican immigrants were trying to get to the land of freedom and justice for all. After arriving they were hunted down by the border patrol in California. After the border patrol caught them they beat them up. This group of Mexicans were beat up for attempting toShow MoreRelatedJustice And The Justice System1574 Words   |  7 PagesJustice is meant to be inherently righteous and full of integrity purposefully to maintain the equality necessary for the justice system to exist as ethical to all individuals. Justice can be defined by numerous conflicting perceptions concerning method and the severity of punishment. These disagreements in perception of what’s justice is understandable, since occasionally it’s difficult to determine what’s righteous for all parties involved in every situation. Two of the more commonly known formsRead MoreJustice Is The Standard Of True Justice1762 Words   |  8 PagesThrough the issue of labor in Bangladesh, we can easily extract a point of view, what is fairness and justice. In my opinion, according to Rawls s theory of justice, the standard of true justice, it s hard to apply to the real world. We cannot rule out the influence of the real factors. Therefore, it is more appropriate and useful to use Rawls justice as a guideline, although utterly extreme, ignoring the subject matter of man, but more meaningful. An effective solution to the issue of laborRead MoreJustice Is A Key Element Of Justice1952 Words   |  8 Pages My idea of justice has evolved in nuanced ways in which I did not predict at the onset of this course. I have held consistent the idea of creating a more equal world as a key element of justice. However, I have added important nuances in the way in which I think about and discuss this issue. 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Essay1445 Words   |  6 PagesLegal justice and its drawbacks? The Merriam-Webster dictionary’s simple definition of justice is ‘1. The process or result of using laws to fairly judge and punish crimes and criminals. 2. A judge in a court of law’ (Merriam-Webster). This definition focuses solely on legal justice which is the common definition of justice. However, this definition leaves out social, moral/ethical, and vigilante justice. These subsections of justice are important as they relate to justice in an individual ratherRead MoreThe Definition of Justice Essay860 Words   |  4 Pagesand the values individuals hold most important. One value looked at by Socrates and his colleagues is the principle of justice. Multiple definitions of justice are given and Socrates analyzes the merit of each. As the group defines justice they show how self-interest shapes the progression of their arguments and contributes to the definition of justice. The topic of justice first comes about through a conversation between Socrates and Cephalus. The two are reflecting upon their old age, evaluatingRead MoreJustice Is The Interest Of The Stronger1453 Words   |  6 PagesI am of the opinion that justice is indeed in the interest of the stronger; the stronger being the will of the people. Justice is in the interest of the stronger. This view, first articulated by the Ancient Greek Sophist Thrasymachus, is the subject of much debate in one of Plato’s works The Republic, found in a fictional dialogue between Thrasymachus and Socrates. In order to understand the nature of this statement it is essential to analyse the nature of justice, what is meant by â€Å"the stronger†Read MoreThe Between Justice And Revenge1161 Words   |  5 Pagesbook have a protagonist who was wronged, then goes on a rampage claiming that they were seeking justice? The main character claims to seek justice when all they are doing is trying to claim revenge. Revenge and justice are two words of completely different meanings and yet are constantly confused for each other. A common question that is asked by people these days is â€Å"what is the difference between justice and revenge†? There are many aspects besides the definition of the words that show how different

Absolutism in 17th Century Europe Free Essays

Absolutism in Europe changed the role of nobility completely in every country. For example, in France, nobles lost a lot of their power due to Louis XIV and his predecessors; also, in Eastern Europe, rulers such as Frederick William of Prussia changed the status of the nobility with his polices. In France, starting with Henry IV, the status of nobility started to fall when Henry started the idea of â€Å"nobles of the robe† in which middle class citizens could buy nobility from the king. We will write a custom essay sample on Absolutism in 17th Century Europe or any similar topic only for you Order Now This diluted the nobles, which weakened their power and hurt them considerably. Louis XIII and his son continued this and took more of their power away as well. Cardinal Richelieu started the intendant system, which recruited members of the middle class t watch the nobles and report back to the king. This took away power from the nobles to have less influence in the government of France. Continuing the intendant system, Louis XIV had also built the palace of Versailles and forced the nobles to move in. This caused the nobles to fight for the attention of the king and they focused less on the issues of France. Also, living in the palace of the king, one could always watch the nobles to make sure they weren’t planning, for example, an uprising. In conclusion, French kings took steps to ensure absolute power and took away the power of the nobles. In Eastern Europe, however, the nobility was dealt with in a different way. For example, in Prussia, nobles gave power to Frederick William for a few reasons: one, to stop Swedish and Polish influence; second, to stop the invasion of Tartars from Russia. For this decision, nobles lost political power in Prussia, but in 1653, Frederick William gave them more power in something else, controlling serfs: he allowed a hereditary subjugation of the serfs in order to appease the Junkers, or noble class. While Frederick William was in power, he believed in a strong, standing army. He increased military spending through taxation, which was twice the amount of Louis XIV. He forced the Prussian nobility to pay the taxes by having soldiers act as tax collectors and policemen. This effectively decreased the power of the nobility by seizing power for the king. In conclusion, Frederick William took away power from the nobles, while also giving them power over other areas, such as serfdom. Absolutism in Europe differed from East to West. How the power of the nobles was affected depended on the king and the area of the country, such as Louis XIV of France or Frederick William of Prussia. Each king had their own ways of effectively limiting the political power of the nobles. How to cite Absolutism in 17th Century Europe, Papers

Essay on Poverty And Its Effects On America Essay Example For Students

Essay on Poverty And Its Effects On America Essay Poverty is usually referrer as the condition of having little or no money, but in some circumstances it can also be described as lack the means of support. According to Global Issues in the Causes of Poverty, over three billions of people live on the wages less than 2.5 dollars per day and 1 billion children, which is equivalent to one in every two children in the world, live under the condition of lacking shelter, safe water, or health services. There is also a huge misconception about the abundant food around the world. However according to the United Nations, there are still about 20,000 people die everyday by hungry or poverty related causes. Even though extreme poverty is not very common in the United States, it is a huge problem for many nations around the world. The income disproportion within the nation is a huge problem since the most wealth are control in hand of small population and the rest of the people share a little or no resource. Overcome poverty is also the start point to achieve any other sustainable goal, because people will only worry about the surrounding whenever they fulfill their basic needs. The population that is primarily effected by the poverty are mostly the underdevelopment nations. Huge population in the nation depends on the agriculture for wealth and even with the support of the developed country, a natural disaster still can cause the entire nation to have a tremendous hardship. Because the lack of the health care, most of the destitute family have a higher mortality rate and need more children to carry on the responsibility. The poverty will also cause the lack of education within the children, because they simply need to work for their family’s food. If we continue this bad loop, the situation. .tion in any government. Follow by the lead of the vanguard, I want everyone to promote others with the idea and help everyone to realize the situation. Even though it is easy for just talk about the problem, I want my actions to create the grass root movement among the society and make others understand the importance of education and end poverty gap. In conclusion, the terrible outcomes lead by the poverty can not only effect us right now, but also damage the life of the next generations. Poverty is more than just lack of incomes; it is also the limitation in the resources to ensure a sustainable livelihood or even the access to education and other social services. The path to overcome poverty is definitely not easy and the cost will be gigantic, but if everyone is united for fighting against the global issues, together we can create a better world for the future.

The bridge loan was part free essay sample

In the spring of 1990, the firm of Kohlberg Kravis Roberts Co. (KKR) was in negotiation with lenders regarding the refinancing of a $1.2 billion bridge loan due to be repaid in full by February, 1991. The bridge loan was part of the $24 billion financing of KKRs leveraged buyout of RJR Nabisco in early 1989. Originally, KKR had planned to retire the loan with the proceeds of a $1.25 billion public offering of senior debt. However, in December, 1989, Moodys failed to give the issue an investment-grade rating. Moodys also down-graded RJRs other debt, a move that triggered substantial declines in the market prices of RJRs securities. Faced with an unreceptive public market, KKR withdrew the debt offering and began discussions with RJRs lending banks. For the banks, a major concern was the uncertainty surrounding the upcoming interest rate reset on $7 billion of RJRs pay-in-kind (PIK) bonds. Indentures required that on or before April 28, 1991, RJR reset the rate so that the bonds would trade at par (see Exhibit 1). We will write a custom essay sample on The bridge loan was part or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In the spring of 1990, the bonds were selling at steep discounts to par (Exhibit 3). The market obviously saw substantial risk that the reset would fail, which would put RJR in violation of its bond covenants. The reset bonds came into being as the cram-down securities in the RJR buyout. The distinctive feature of these bonds was the reset provision, which at the time of the buyout was a key factor in KKRs victory over a management group led by then-RJR Nabisco CEO, F. Ross Johnson.1 Weeks of escalating bidding, which had begun with a $75 per share all-cash bid by the management group, ended with the RJR board of directors having to choose between two final bids: KKRs offer of $81 per share in cash plus PIK reset bonds it valued at $28 per share versus the management groups offer of $84 per share in cash plus PIK bonds it valued at $28 per share. The latter PIK bonds did not have a reset feature, however. The boards financial advisors, Dillon, Read and Lazard Frà ¨res, concluded that the two offers were substantially equivalent, in effect valuing the management groups PIK bonds at only $25 per share. 2 They reasoned that the KKR bonds were effectively guaranteed. If the market didnt judge the securities to be worth $28, the interest rate would be reset to make them worth $28. KKR had put its money where its mouth was, something the management group had been unwilling to do. With a substantially equivalent opinion from its financial advisors, the board felt free to evaluate the offers based on other considerations. The board declared KKR the winner on the basis of the firms pledge not to effect large layoffs and in view of the fact that KKR Burrough, Bryan, and Helyar, John, Barbarians at the Gate, 1990, Harper Row, New York, pp. 441–442, 485, 493, 497–498. 2 Burrough, Bryan, and Helyar, John, How Underdog KKR won RJR Nabisco Without Highest Bid, The Wall Street Journal, 12/2/88. Reearch Associate Joel Barber prepared this case under the supervision of Professor Andrà © F. Perold as the basis for class discussion rather that to illustrate either effective or ineffective handling of an administrative situation. Copyright  © 1990 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College. To order copies, call (617) 495-6117 or write the Publishing Division, Harvard Business School, Boston, MA 02163. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, used in a spreadsheet, or transmitted in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise—without the permission of Harvard Business School offered stockholders the option to acquire up to 25% of the new company at a point in the future, whereas the management group offered them an option for only 15%.3 As a consequence of the buyout, RJRs total debt ballooned to $29 billion. KKRs strategy for servicing this debt rested on asset sales and improved internal cash flow. Except for the stumbling block created by Moodys downgrade, the plan had proceeded as forecast: through March 31, 1990, asset sales (Exhibit 2) and cash flow met or exceeded targets and all required debt payments were made.

Free Essays on Homesick

Introduction Many students coming to university, and maybe leaving home for the first time, feel homesick. Even those who didn't ever expect to be hit by homesickness can suddenly find themselves missing the familiarity of home and friends, and don't know quite how to cope with the resulting emotions. This is entirely normal and passes, usually in the first term, and often within the first few weeks. It is really important to realise that you are not the only one feeling homesick and that it doesn't in any way mean you are inadequate. Suddenly, you find that, instead of being a central person in a small unit with plenty of peripheral activities and friends, you have become an anonymous member of a five thousand plus community where you know no-one. Understandably you feel shaken and lonely and you long for the secure and the familiar. Sometimes the emotions are completely overwhelming. What can you do to help yourself? Most importantly: acknowledge your feelings and accept them. Believe that they will pass. They almost always do. Decide whether the best policy for you is to have frequent contact with home (because contact makes you feel better), or little contact (because contact makes you feel worse). Think carefully about whether or not to go home at weekends (if this is possible). Some students find it helps to ease the transition; others find the constant readjustment makes them feel worse. Make a real effort to join societies/activities and to make at least one or two friends. This might feel very difficult, but the more you feel part of campus life, the less homesick you will feel. Familiarise yourself with the Student Guild. Apart from all that it offers it is an excellent way to meet people in the early days before lectures and social events are really underway. Take a book and sit in a corner and read if you are afraid of seeming conspicious. Try to establish a routine as soon as possible. The fuller your days a... Free Essays on Homesick Free Essays on Homesick Introduction Many students coming to university, and maybe leaving home for the first time, feel homesick. Even those who didn't ever expect to be hit by homesickness can suddenly find themselves missing the familiarity of home and friends, and don't know quite how to cope with the resulting emotions. This is entirely normal and passes, usually in the first term, and often within the first few weeks. It is really important to realise that you are not the only one feeling homesick and that it doesn't in any way mean you are inadequate. Suddenly, you find that, instead of being a central person in a small unit with plenty of peripheral activities and friends, you have become an anonymous member of a five thousand plus community where you know no-one. Understandably you feel shaken and lonely and you long for the secure and the familiar. Sometimes the emotions are completely overwhelming. What can you do to help yourself? Most importantly: acknowledge your feelings and accept them. Believe that they will pass. They almost always do. Decide whether the best policy for you is to have frequent contact with home (because contact makes you feel better), or little contact (because contact makes you feel worse). Think carefully about whether or not to go home at weekends (if this is possible). Some students find it helps to ease the transition; others find the constant readjustment makes them feel worse. Make a real effort to join societies/activities and to make at least one or two friends. This might feel very difficult, but the more you feel part of campus life, the less homesick you will feel. Familiarise yourself with the Student Guild. Apart from all that it offers it is an excellent way to meet people in the early days before lectures and social events are really underway. Take a book and sit in a corner and read if you are afraid of seeming conspicious. Try to establish a routine as soon as possible. The fuller your days a...

Fruit Fly, Drosophila melanogaster, genetic cross Research Paper

Fruit Fly, Drosophila melanogaster, genetic cross - Research Paper Example This basic level of research upholds the future of genetic research and leads into exciting new discoveries for the future. Introduction: The insect species known as Drosophila melanogaster, or the fruit fly, is an extremely valuable model for genetic research. Both current and historical discoveries have been made using fruit flies. Research on gene function all the way up to the Nobel Prize-winning level has been performed using these insects (Mummery, Wilmut, Stolpe, & Roelen, 2010). One famous example of historical research is that of Thomas Hunt Morgan of Columbia University in the early 20th century. Morgan had been hoping to study spontaneous mutation, but instead found something far more useful: he was the first to understand sex-linkage in hereditary traits (Kandel, 2000). Fruit flies are so valuable as research models in part because of the peculiarity of animal evolution that resulted in the genetic structure of the fruit fly being similar to much more complex animals such as humans (Mummery et al., 2010). Because of this, developmental and cellular growth activities are very similar, and results learned from Drosophila melanogaster can be extrapolated into research potential for other organisms. Their rapid generation time and small size mean that while other organisms could be extrapolated in the same way, fruit flies are ideal for laboratory work in a way that rodents or larger mammals are not. They are also commonly used because the sequencing of their genome is functionally complete, making research into gene function more efficient. Once a gene sequence is known, it is easier to follow that gene through breeding and determine its function (Celniker et al., 2000). The most basic level of fruit fly genetic studies involves crossing and observing the results of visible phenotypic mutations. The most obvious of these phenotypic mutations involve the wings, as these are easily seen under low levels of magnification. Of these obvious wing mutations, the most easily identified is the apterous phenotype. Flies possessing the apterous phenotype completely lack wings and are flightless. Examples of the various wing mutations can be seen in Figure 1 below. Fig. 1 Drosophila melanogaster wing mutations. 1 = notch, 2 = delta, 3 = vestigial, 4 = antlered, 5 = curled, and 6 = apterous (Shevchenko, 1968) Since this mutation is so easily identified, it reduces the chance of observational error when counting the results, and so the apterous mutation is the one being studied in this experiment. The apterous phenotype is recessive, and a cross between these apterous flies and the wild-type is a simple monohybrid cross. Therefore, using Mendel's laws as a guide, the F2 generation of this cross is hypothesized to produce a ratio of wild-type to apterous flies of 3:1 (Flagg, 1981). This is the null hypothesis. Conversely, the alternate hypothesis is that the ratio will be something other than 3:1. Materials and Methods: The materials used in th is experiment were pure-bred wild-type Drosophila melanogaster, pure-bred apterous Drosophila melanogaster, plastic culture vials and stoppers, food media made from Formula 4-24 Instant Drosophila Medium, used for fly growth, breeding, and storage. For the counting and observation portions of the experiment, the materials needed were an ice water bath, petri

The contemporary hospitality industry qcf 5 Assignment

The contemporary hospitality industry qcf 5 - Assignment Example In absence of an appropriate definition, hospitality has been defined differently by various authors, where the definitions range from philosophical to commercial perspective. Brotherton (1999) defined hospitality as: â€Å"A contemporaneous human exchange, which is voluntarily entered into, and designed to enhance the mutual well being of the parties concerned through the provision of accommodation, and/or food, and/or drink†. Lashley (2000), on the other hand, defined hospitality as a relationship between guests and hosts, which is neither platonic nor extremely economic in nature. Then again, O’Connor defined hospitality in terms of behaviour and experience. According to the author, consumers are hardly interested in buying service delivery, they rather purchase the experience associated. The quality of service defines memories of the experience and quality of overall event is related to the fact that consumers are buying an occasion. The hospitality industry is one of the major sectors within the service industry that include accommodation, event panning, theme parks, catering services, transportation and various aspects of tourism industry. The development of the hospitality industry is mainly dependent on disposable earnings of individuals and their leisure time (Hemmington, 2007). In this paper, major aspects of the hospitality industry will be discussed in a detailed manner highlighting on current scope, role and diversity in the same and organisational structure of various hospitality organisations. Recent studies by several organisations suggest that the hospitality industry is one of the largest and rapidly growing industries in the global business sector. According to a report, ‘Global hospitality insights’ by Ernst & Young (2014), investment in the hospitality industry has increased considerably in recent years, despite growing economic and political uncertainty in the business industry. The report suggest that among the various

Requirements for the Front-Desk Services in JW Marriott Hotel Essay

Requirements for the Front-Desk Services in JW Marriott Hotel - Essay Example The report intends to understand the service design procedure along with service design specification for the new technology. Service design is based on developing services for visitors, which is simple to use. It covers the activities, decisions, and responsibilities of employees. Service design is also concerned with providing value to the visitors and to guaranty that they obtain satisfactory experiences with the desired outcomes. In this research, the service design procedure has been used in order to develop the front-desk service of JW Marriott. Furthermore, the idea of introducing electronic pad for better guest services has also been described in the research based on the vision that the introduction of new technology can assist in customizing the specific requirements of visitors. Thus, it will help the front-desk employees to conduct various activities effectively such as reserving a table in proper time or delivering cleaning services as well as managing check-ins and chec kouts of guests among others in a time-efficient and error-free manner. Furthermore, the new technology is also aimed to attract guests to observe the facilities of JW Marriott. In order to make the report, the qualitative method has been followed. To be noted in this regard, the reason for using qualitative method is to gain complex understanding about service element required for JW Marriott when integrating the electronic pad system to enhance error-free and time efficient communication system of its various departments with the front-desk service providers. Furthermore, the qualitative method can also be stated as most suitable for the report, as the information regarding JIT cannot be obtained well through quantitative techniques. Secondary sources have been used accordingly, in order to collect information through desk research. The secondary data provided rich sources of information for understanding the subject requirements and thereby, ensuring quality and validity of the r esearch findings. Data from various organizations involved in the implementation of the JIT system has also been used for collecting information in this study. Furthermore, in order to make the report reliable, only journals, books, academic sources and other credible sources have been used. Evidently, such sources have provided valuable information about service improvement through JIT.

A Study About TK Maxxs Commerce Essay

A Study About TK Maxxs Commerce Essay The first T.K. Maxx opened in Bristol in 1994.[2] T.K. Maxxs United States parent company, T.J. Maxx, adopted the name T.K. Maxx to avoid confusion with the existing but separate discount chain T J Hughes[citation needed]. TK Maxx is part of TJX Europe headed by Paul Sweetenham as SEVP Group President. TJX Europe is split into four divisions: TK Maxx UK Ireland headed by Susanne Given, TK Maxx Germany headed by Gino Barrera, and HomeSense UK headed by Dave Alves. The fourth division is Shared Services which as the title suggests consists of shared services between the three trading divisions such as distribution, logistics, buying and finance. Each trading division has their own Human Resource, Marketing Loss Prevention departments to meet the individual needs of each division. In 2007, TK Maxx began a slowing down of new store openings within the UK. Focus was given to revamping older inner city stores or relocating them. Some of the chains first stores such as Bristol and Reading have been expanded and extensively refurbished while others such as Southampton, Cardiff and Hull have been relocated to bigger sites. As part of the businesses slow down of new stores, TK Maxx confirmed that they were only interested in opening stores averaging 30,000 sq ft. This decision saw the creation of the Maxx Maxx concept, a new department store format that saw TK Maxx get away from its pack it high, sell it cheap reputation into a large store format that sees a much larger product offer. Examples of Maxx Maxx store are Leeds The Headrow, Cardiff, Birmingham Bull Ring, Hammersmith, Manchester Market Street, Dundee Cork. We make daily deliveries to our stores and its essential that our fleet of trucks is as efficient and environmentally responsible as possible. Were working hard on innovative solutions to make our delivery process as green as it can be and here are just some of the ways were doing this already. For the first time ever, we have joined forces with Sainsburys to sell the exclusive Sport Relief T-shirt designed by the whole Beckham family and yes, that includes Brooklyn, Romeo and Cruz. So far, over our 5 year partnership weve raised  £6.3 million for Comic Relief through Red Nose Day. Supporting Sport Relief through selling the T-shirt gives us both another opportunity to contribute financially to this fantastic cause and to grow an even stronger partnership. Half of the money from each T-shirt goes towards helping some of the most vulnerable people in the world so please visit us instore or online to buy your very own fantastic Sport Relief T-shirt. Welfare to work is a scheme designed to get people who have been out of work for a long time back into the workforce. Weve had an initial Education to Employment trial with Action for Children and we are now in the early stages of rolling out a specific programme to further develop this. Weve also extended our five year relationship with Remploy and continue to remain committed to making our own workplace more accessible for people with disabilities. P4 The fundamental economic problem in any society is to provide a set of rules for allocating resources and/or consumption among individuals who cant satisfy their wants, given limited resources. The rules that each economic system provides function within a framework of formal institutions (e.g., laws) and informal institutions (e.g., customs). What and how much will be produced? Literally, billions of different outputs could be produced with societys scarce resources. Some mechanism must exist that differentiates between products to be produced and others that remain as either unexploited inventions or as individuals unfulfilled desires. How will it be produced? There are many ways to produce a desired item. It may be possible to use more labor and less capital, or vice versa. For whom will it be produced? Once a commodity is produced, some mechanism must exist that distributes finished products to the ultimate consumers of the product. The mechanism of distribution for these commodities differs by economic system. P5 Until ten years ago the term Welfare Work was a phrase without meaning in the industrial world. Today it stands for a definite policy on the part of employers which may bring about the solution of many of the vexed problems of labor and capital. The leaven of this policy already has begun to work. A branch of welfare work through which the company has had a great influence on the people and the surroundings of the neighborhood is that of landscape gardening. At the time when welfare work was started the surroundings of the factory were like those of most industrial plants—anything but attractive. After the company has made its own property beautiful with lawns, shrubbery and vines, it taught the people of the neighborhood, by lectures and demonstrations, the principles of landscape gardening. As a result of this campaign of education the factory neighborhood has been change from a region of tumble-down houses, ash heaps and tin cans to a neighborhood of beautiful homes and well kept yards. P6 The impact of Macro-economic (Monetary and Fisca)l Policy on the economy There are some differences in the economic effects of monetary and fiscal policy, on the composition of output, the effectiveness of the two kinds of policy in meeting the governments macroeconomic objectives, and also the time lags involved for fiscal and monetary policy changes to take effect. We will consider each of these in turn: Effects of Policy on the Composition of National Output Monetary policy is often seen as something of a blunt policy instrument affecting all sectors of the economy although in different ways and with a variable impact. In contrast, fiscal policy can be targeted to affect certain groups (e.g. increases in means-tested benefits for low income households, reductions in the rate of corporation tax for small-medium sized enterprises, investment allowances for businesses in certain regions) Consider as an example the effects of using either monetary or fiscal policy to achieve a given increase in national income because actual GDP lies below potential GDP (i.e. there is a negative output gap) Monetary policy expansion: Lower interest rates will lead to an increase in consumer and business capital spending both of which increases national income. Since investment spending results in a larger capital stock, then incomes in the future will also be higher through the impact on LRAS. Fiscal policy expansion: An expansion in fiscal policy (i.e. an increase in government spending) adds directly to AD but if financed by higher government borrowing, this may result in higher interest rates and lower investment. The net result (by adjusting the increase in G) is the same increase in current income. However, since investment spending is lower, the capital stock is lower than it would have been, so that future incomes are lower. In UK lots of multinational organization are operating, Many people from different part of the world also visited in UK for different purposes, if the global economy fall the business of UK based company also fall down. As a result they faces difficulties to earn profit and ultimately the shareholders suffer. P7 Perfect Competition: A market is said to be perfectly competitive when firms perceive that they individually have no noticeable influence on market price. The outcome in such an industry is efficient in the sense that the cost of the last unit of output (marginal cost) would just equal what consumers would be willing to pay for that unit. Perfect competition is a regarded as a benchmark market structure for evaluating other market structures. Market Structure and Competition: The market structures tells us about the environment within which an enterprise functions and the nature of external pressure on the enterprise. The elements of market structure that we look at are concentration ratio, stability of market shares, conditions of entry and exit of firms. FDI Policy Stability of Markets Shares A limitation of the above summary measures of concentration is that they ignore the dynamic changes in the market shares of individual firms. Market shares of dominant firms may increase or decline over time. Greater churning of market shares in given market suggests greater intensity of competition. P8 Market forces and organizational Response: Organizations always responses positively toward market forces. P9 Company Summary: This section presents the key facts figures, business description, and products services offered by the company. Major Competitors: This section first selects the competitors based on assets, sales, focus of business, or geographic reach. Then all the competitors are profiled. Key Business Strategies of Each Competitor: It talks about the current and future strategies of each company. All business, marketing, financial and organizational strategies are discussed here. Comparative SWOT Analysis: Our comparative SWOT analysis is a valuable step in assessing your companys and you competitors strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. It offers powerful insight into the critical issues affecting a business. Comparative Financial Analysis: This section compares the recent financials of the company and its competitors. The financial performance of each segment of all the companies is also discussed here. The objective is to evaluate the financial health of the company vis-à  -vis its competitors. The stock price comparison helps us in evaluating the performance of the company position versus its competitors from an investors viewpoint. There is an important role for tobacco control advocates in the policy development process in regulatory agencies. P10 The buying and selling of goods and services across national borders is known as international trade. International trade is the backbone of our modern, commercial world, as producers in various nations try to profit from an expanded market, rather than be limited to selling within their own borders. There are many reasons that trade across national borders occurs, including lower production costs in one region versus another, specialized industries, lack or surplus of natural resources and consumer tastes. One of the most controversial components of international trade today is the lower production costs of â€Å"developing† nations. Both the United States and the European Union have imposed severe restrictions on imports from Asian nations to try to stem this tide. Clearly, a company that can pay its workers the equivalent of dollars a day, as compared to dollars an hour, has a distinct selling advantage. P11 Consultation with UK SME representative bodies on domestic and European matters consistently shows that the main issue for their members is regulation. The 2007 EU Observatory Survey found that 36% of SMEs within Europe reported that regulations acted as a constraint or had presented difficulties in the previous two years. Whilst progress has been at the EU level, for example on the promotion of the â€Å"Think Small First† principle and the European Commissions commitment to reduce administrative burdens by 25%, we believe a much more ambitious set of measures should be introduced Another important issue is access to finance, where we believe action should be focused on improving the demand side, in particular investment readiness, and the supply of modest amounts of finance for entrepreneurs who, for various reasons, are deemed to be a higher risk. In order to grow, SME must also have access to new markets. Generally, exporting firms have been found to benefit from greater productivity growth than non-exporters. P12 The UK has to make a decision on membership of EMU in the next two years. The monetary and fiscal regimes in the Euro Area and in the UK do not differ greatly. However, we argue that membership of EMU will increase the stability of the economy and the credibility of the policy framework, and hence will enhance the prospects for growth and higher incomes and employment.

Characters with The Miserable Life in Les Miserable Essay examples --

Les Miserable Have you ever known a person whose life was very miserable? Maybe you have. In the novel Les Miserable many of the characters show a miserable life due to circumstances that happened in their past. These characters are like put into a ring of fire in which every event that happens in Les Miserable. These characters are Eponine, Jean Valjean, Cossette, Gavrouche, Marius,and Fantine. other characters such as Thernardier are characters who are the antagonist of the story who do robbery and many other bad deeds throughout the whole story. These characters have exemplified a miserable life due to circumstances that had happened in their past lives. Courage, bravery, and patience are what many of the characters show throughout the story. One character that explefied a miserable life was Eponine. Eponine was born in an evil family called the Thernardiers'. She had to work very hard and was fed very little food. It was cold and her parents led her to the wrong road in life. As she grew up she involved with her parents in robbing and thievery. She was in the wrong path to destruction. When Marius came into her life everything changed. Through Marius’s love and redemption she had changed, but when she found out that Marius loved Cossette the miserable life came back again to her. She helped Marius find Cossette. She loved Marius a lot but ... ...ity, but they also take every opportunity to make her circumstances even more desperate. Fantine was a women who was a honest and hard working women. Many people such as Thernardier deceived because she was not smart and was to easy to take advantage of. She suffered a lot and in the end died of shock and depression. Many of these characters such as Fantine and those others talked about in Les Miserable are all portrayed as miserable people. This does not mean that these characters have misery in their life, it means that their life has problems due to circumstances such as Fantine who was being deceived by people which caused problems in her life. One important message that Les Miserable displays is that love is one of the most precious items that Is given to another person.

Deep Zone Book Report

Kyle Duncan 12-7-11 Book Report (Deep Zone) 3rd Block Plot Summary The characters are Thane, Ty, Troy, Tate, and Agent Sutherland. Ty is this story’s main character. Thane is his older brother and an NFL star. Ty meets Troy and Tate in Miami at the football tournament. Agent Sutherland is an FBI agent protecting Ty from the mob while Thane is away. The setting is in Miami and in the swamp. At the beginning of the story, they are at a football game, when Thane is going up for a touchdown pass to win the game. He gets taken down by three people and tears his ACL. They are taken to the hospital and Ty is sad. They let Ty stay the night, but he has to go to school the next morning. He leaves the hospital and gets in his limo driver’s car. (Considering his brother is a professional football player). When he gets in, he notices a big man in a dark suit. He automatically thinks it is someone from the mob trying to hurt him to get to his uncle. He tries to jump out of the car fast but the man grabs him by the collar and yanked him back in cutting Ty’s hand open. The man then explains that he is Agent Sutherland and apologizes for scaring him and cutting his hand. Agent Sutherland says that he’ll be watching Ty while his brother is in the hospital. In a few weeks Thane got out. Ty had 7-on-7 tryouts and he made the team. If the team won all of their playoff games they would get to play in Miami on Super Bowl Sunday. They won most of their games and got to go to Miami to play their playoff games. While down there, he met a girl that he liked named Tate. Unfortunately, Troy, her best friend, didn’t like Ty. Troy was on a team that Ty would have to play if his team made it to the championship. One night, Tate and Troy were going to a party, so Ty begged Thane to let him go. Thane let him. They got dressed up and left. While there, Troy thought he saw his dad, who left him at a young age, and ran after him. Being curios, Ty ran after them. He ran until he saw them standing near the coast. Ty recognized one of the men with Troy and his dad as one of the mob members that he was being protected from. He started running back to the party, but someone grabbed him. They threw him and Troy in to the boat and took them out into the swamp. While there, Tate tried to rescue them by bringing a boat that the two of them would drop down out of the window to. It was only a little canoe though. The two got into the canoe and started paddling back. They got halfway back and they heard a motor. It was the people from the mob, and they brought the three of them back to the swamp house. They sat there for a long time, and Ty knew he was going to die. Then, the door squeaked open, and a man with a knife entered. Ty started freaking out, and when the blade touched his skin he started twitching uncontrollably. Then he heard Troy’s dad say, â€Å"Shh. I’m getting you out of here. † The four of them got in the boat while the two mobsters were asleep and went back to the beach. The next day Ty’s team played Troy’s team in the championship. Ty’s team won, but Troy was not upset. The two were good friends now and talked a lot now. Troy talks about his uncle, who would have been a great NFL player if he hadn’t died his junior year of college in a car crash. Ty tells how his mother had a brother that fits that description. Troy told him his name and they figured out they were cousins. At the end of the story, everyone says their goodbyes and they all go home. Character Analysis I am comparing Ty and Troy. Both of them play football, and both played on Super Bowl Sunday. Unfortunately, both boys have some connection with the mob. In football, Ty plays wide receiver, and Troy plays quarter back and safety. Ty is faster and has better hands, but Troy is still fast and he has football smarts. He can read what you’re going to do before you know what you’re going to do. Both boys are from African descent. They both care greatly for Tate. Theme Analysis I think one theme of this story could be: do not judge a book by its cover. Troy didn’t like Ty when they first met, and it was for no reason. Once they went through the swamp experience, they grew closer and became good friends. Another example is Troy’s dad. Ty looked at him with those mobsters and thought he was going to kill him. But, after Troy’s dad saved them from the mobsters, he realized that he was a good guy in a bad position.

Attention Getter Essay Example

Attention Getter Essay Example Attention Getter Essay Attention Getter Essay Nowadays, many tragic accidents go on everyplace and this state of affairs is dismaying. Rate of accidents maintain on increasing from twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours non merely in the metropoliss but besides in rural countries. All of these accidents have made many people lost their households and loved 1s. It is really pathetic when we get intelligence about accidents which happen every twenty-four hours from newspapers. This shows that many people suffer when accidents happen to their household or relations. Greetings: Good forenoon everyone. My name is Apollo Thesis statement: Today I would wish to give a address about the causes of happen route accidents. Summational Overview: Here are some causes of the route accidents go on such as: drink and thrust, utilizing cell phone while driving and teenage drivers. Benefit: It we know the causes of route accidents we can go more responsible and more careful to avoid route accidents/ those causes are reminds us to be more responsible to non merely ourselves besides the rider in our auto. Point 1: Drink and thrust First of the causes is imbibing and drive is the taking cause of auto accidents. Driving while poisoning is unsafe, because imbibing additions your suppressions and assurance but lowers your driving public presentation and your ability to concentrate. In other words, intoxicant impairs the decision-making ability of the encephalon. For illustration, when people get drunk, they do non even think they are intoxicated. They may experience like they can make anything. But they can non. Many accidents occur because of imbibing. These accidents involve largely one auto, but other people are killed by rummy drivers. Peoples have to be educated about imbibing and drive, so they do non kill themselves or guiltless people on the route. Point 2: Exploitation cell phone while driving The 2nd point is utilizing cell phones while driving is besides a cause for auto accidents. When a cell phone is used while driving, it distracts the attending of the driver, taking to auto accidents. While utilizing a cell phone many people tend to lose the traffic signals, non truly concentrating on driving. The procedure of dialing or replying the phone can do them lose control of the vehicle every bit good. Even though the driver is looking at the route, he or she can easy acquire distracted by the conversation. This can ensue in fatal accidents. Point 3: Teenage drivers Another cause of route accidents on the route is adolescent drivers. Some adolescents cause fatal accidents, because of immatureness and deficiency of experience. Adolescents are really unprompted. Although non meaning to ache anyone, they sometimes drive really sharply. It is non hard to happen adolescents driving with one manus on the guidance wheel, place pushed back, and with loud music playing. In traffic they go wild, seeking to seek attending. They underestimate the hazard of what they are making. All these Acts of the Apostless result is serious effects on the route. Many accidents of immature drivers result from their ain errors. It will do a psychological shadow in their hereafter. Decision Re-thesis statement + summational overview: As decision, all this ways which are drink and thrust, utilizing cell phone while driving and teenage drivers are the causes of route accidents by avoid those causes we decrease the route accidents in our state and do a good image for the tourer who come to our state Benefit: We can larn to go more responsible to our transition it will assist diminish the figure of route accidents go on. By the manner decrease the route accidents we can salvage more people. Clincher: By avoid route accidents we are non merely salvaging our ain life we besides salvaging other people life excessively. Life is a gamble. You can acquire hurt, but people die in plane clangs, lose their weaponries and legs in auto accidents ; people die every twenty-four hours. Lapp with combatants: some dice, some get hurt, some go on. You merely don’t allow yourself believe it will go on to you!

Mongols essays

Mongols essays Many documents give way to the Mongols way of life, their social order, and their war tactics. Most of the people whom them conquered saw them only as a ruthless and cruel society, whereas, the people living and working within the empire told of much tolerance and prosperity. The Mongols, whether seen as vicious conquerors or as a vast empire with much cultural diversity, caused many to seem them in different ways. In both the works of Marco Polo and Rashid al-Din the view of the Mongols was that they should be held in great esteem and that they had a great and vast empire. Marco Polo specifically talked of the great amounts of riches held within the kingdom. The quantity and richness of the plate... (Marco Polo) is just an example of how lavishly he described the region and its goods. He spoke of how efficient the road systems were and how easy travel was on them. The fact, though is, he probably had a slightly bias opinion because he was a high-ranking official of the Mongol court and it would look good for him to have writing of the wonders of the empire. The same bias is held true for Rashid al-Din who was a Persian historian but who was also a high official. He wrote about Chinggis Khans son, Ogedei. He praised him much throughout the account of him. Claiming that, He never neglected any measure designed to strengthen the framework of peace.... But, we must look at the works of B oth Marco Polo and Rashid and realize that they were written, probably to gain only for themselves in the mind of the emperor. There is still, though, probably some truth within them, but mostly it was elaborating on the positive aspects of the region or person, while pushing aside the negative. Taking a completely different turn though was the account by the Russians on the Mongol envisions. The Russians referred to them as the godless Tartars, showing their dislike for their lack of ...

Diagnosis and Treatment Planning Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Diagnosis and Treatment Planning - Case Study Example He senses that his regular life moves like a clock incessantly but monotonously. He senses he is not a part of this success, and he cannot enjoy it openly. He senses that there is too much restriction in his life which sometimes is associated with meaninglessness. His diet is dictated by his wife, his movements are controlled by his wife, his attitudes to people are dictated by his professional ethics, and even criticisms directed to him remain unanswered. He is seriously facing the question if he is happy. He did not know the whereabouts of his closest friend, and despite his unofficial visits to the psychiatrist, he is not able to find the answer of an intriguing question "most married men have their habits", and the wife does not "allow to have" those habits. Although he poses the question in the name of a friend, this questions is his own, and it reflects his life and own thoughts. To summarize, he has a crisis in his life, where his pursuits for pleasurable things in life as a h uman being is compromised by his family life and professional life. He passes through the same ritual every day; half of the things he want to say remain unspoken; most of the cases he has to keep his thoughts private; and he feels noncommunicative, as if accepting whatever is given, and he feels "he is in a vat of rubber." II. History of problem The history of the problem is no clear, and the only hint is revealed in the movie in the form that he had tried to contact a psychiatrist several times on this issue, but in vain. He had never been able to communicate this problem clearly. As his practice has grown and with his financial growth, he had to be more dedicated to his profession, gradually drifting from the normal life of a man who is in pursuit of objects of little happiness in things like golf, movies, club, and things like that. He has no associations with people other than those in his clinic or in his household. He performs his daily rituals without a word or without any sign of distress. He does not interfere in the lives of his family members, yet when he located his friend on the road and while trying to help him out of his situation, he wanted to do his part as a friend, as a companion. One night when he came late, he was reprimanded by his wife that staying late at night outside house is not permissible. He is hurt with this, but decided to continue with his friend. This system had been so ingrained in him that when he got the news of his father deceased, he almost felt guilty. He wanted a strong foothold in his life, even if it would be associated with the friction of the chair, he did never desire extreme flexibility of a rubber where he would be taken for granted or would be molded in any way possible to other people's advantage. III. Clinical Observation There is relationship problem with his wife, and the relationship is stressful for him. This induces anxiety in him. This anxiety leads to conduct problem of noncommunicativeness and decrease in self-esteem and lack of assertiveness. Obviously this also leads to disturbance of emotion and affect. This is perhaps due to his discordant intrafamilial

Child Development through Interaction, Observation and Conversation Essay

Child Development through Interaction, Observation and Conversation - Essay Example For example the child could run away from balls that were thrown at them and could easily hit them to hurt them. The child was however selective with choice of games as he preferred less strenuous games. Again, the child used mastery in motor skills to walk from shelf to shelf to get books that they preferred to read. Interacting with the child, it was noted that his choice of book selection was affected by gender as the child perceived that as a male he was to read books with themes that focused on adventure and fiction rather than those about nature. From Piaget’s cognitive child development theory, children can be seen a little scientists who possess the ability to create their own forms of knowledge (Joseph, 2000). This was exactly what was experienced with the child as he constantly preferred to use real life situations and experiences to get questions that were posed in the classroom answered. At the playground, the child exhibited intensive metacognition abilities as he confirmed that he could know through knowing. This is because while the child was observed playing a video game on football, the child always tried to transfer knowledge in real life football into the game so as to win. According to Piaget’s stage of cognitive development, second graders can be said to be concrete operational stage where they start to think more logically but also struggle with abstract and hypothetical concepts (Jacobi, Calamari & Woodard, 2006). This was seen with the child’s language capabilities which were translated into choice of books that were selected. This is because the child wanted books with more illustrations that directly translated the ideas they wanted to read about. Through interaction with the child, it was found that there child had some difficulty accepting and adapting to the classroom as a social setting. This is because the child was constantly withdrawn from

Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Summary - Essay Example In Rudolph’s article, the history of American universities is presented. From the earliest days, the struggle of those who sought a better way for American students is shared with the reader. Some men begged books to start new schools, some man fought danger in the wilderness to found a new college that would present education to the people. The early days were a real challenge. As America grew, so did its universities. Many schools were inspired by a religious awakening that occurred in America's early days. Each denomination had its own school and many of these survive to this day. At their best, Rudolph argues, these schools represented American democracy and helped the idea of America flourish. Kerr's article presents a more contemporary view of universities and shows how they are adapting to try to survive in today's changing marketplace. Universities play a somewhat different role than they did in the period discussed by Rudolph. Now they are intended more to train peopl e for employment and conduct important research that can save lives and change the way we think about our place in the world. But funding is scarce. Research universities are the fountainhead of research and development and yet they lack the federal funds to continue to produce at an effective level. Kerr wonders about the future of such universities.

Continuing Differences Between US Essay Example for Free

Continuing Differences Between US Essay U. S. GAAP IFRS Convergence In January 2008, the U. S. SEC issued a final rule that adopted rules that allowed non U. S. -based issuers financial statements in accordance with the IRRS, as issued by IASB, without the need to reconcile with the U. S. GAAP (SEC, pp. 20, 2008). In its ruling, the SEC acknowledged that the convergence efforts between the IFRS and U. S. GAAP have made progress in eliminating many disparities. The SEC acknowledged that its prior complaints on lack of information or disclosure by foreign issuers on certain areas, and the manner of presentation of their financial statements have been resolved by the convergence efforts. The SEC, however, recognize that a number of difference still exist, with some accounting subjects that the IFRS has yet to fully address ( SEC, pp. 20, 1998). Continuing Differences Between US GAAP and IFRS According to the SEC, due to their sources, U. S. GAAP and IFRS will continue to have differences regardless of their convergence. The SEC said that these include (i) the effects of mergers, combinations and other legacy transactions that happened when the convergence was still initiated, and (ii) those arising as a result of accounting elections (for example, hedge accounting) that foreign issuers make under those standards (SEC, pp. 21, 2008). The International Accounting Standards Board in its 2005 report said that certain divergence issues has to be addressed in the long-term. These include (i) classification of debts on refinancing or default under credit agreements, (ii) differences in financial instruments accounting, (iii) post-employment benefits, and (iv) long-lived assets impairment and borrowing costs capitalization. AIFRS/Australian GAAP PricewaterhouseCoopers reviewed the the Australian equivalents to International Financial Reporting Standards (AIFRS) and gave recommendations to the Australian Accounting Standards Board. PwC pointed to divergences between Australian Standards (AIFRS) and IFRS: According to PWC, the implementation of AIRFS is expect to improve corporate governance and financial reporting in Australia. Ernst Young Report Ernst Young said the IRS differ significantly from those principles in use. Among other things, the IRS protocol on business combinations compel recognition of more intangible assets to be valued an recognized than practiced in local accounting rules. EY said that the IFRS will help companies improve their internal control as it requires more extensive reporting procedures, and will require greater transparency among firms as a common financial standard will be used. EY said in its report that the conversion to IFRS has a substantial impact on financial reporting which requires management and personnel to focus on improving strategy because: * financial statements presentation has been modified * measurement of assets and debts may result in increase in earnings and volatility in equity. * additional disclosures would be required. REFERENCES Final Rule: Acceptance From Foreign Private Issuers of Financial. January 9, 2008. Securities and Exchange Commission. http://www. sec. gov/rules/final/2007/33-8879. pdf International Convergence status. 15 June 2008. International Accounting Standards Board. http://72. 3. 243. 42/fasac/06-21-05_intl. pdf Padoa-Scioppa. 19 May 2006. Financial Times. retrieved 13 Aug. 2008. http://www. iasb. org/News/Announcements+and+Speeches/Work+on+converging+accounting+standards+must+go+on. htm PriceWaterhouseCoopers. 28 Jan. 2005. Submission to Parliamentary Joint Committee on Corporations and Financial Services. http://www. aph. gov. au/SENATE/committee/corporations_ctte/completed_inquiries/2004-07/aas/submissions/sub22. pdf

The Hawaiian Monk Seal: An Endangered Species

The Hawaiian Monk Seal: An Endangered Species The Hawaiian monk seal (Neomonachus Schauinslandi) is an endemic species located on the Hawaiian Islands. It has the following taxonomy: Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Mammalia, Order: Carnivora, Family: Phocidae, Genus: Neomonachus, and Species: Schauinslandi (fisheries.noaa.gov). It is found predominately on the Northwest Hawaiian Islands, with a smaller population located on the main islands. The monk seal arrived at the Hawaiian Islands anywhere from 3.5 to 11.6 million years ago. They are believed to have entered from the east via a passage way in Central America (fpir.noaa.gov). The animals were hunted aggressively in the 19th century for their fur. Since then, there population has not been able to recover. The monk seals face a number of obstacles to survival. Its population is still declining, as there were an estimated 1,112 remaining in 2015. Historically, its geographic range has been within the U.S. waters near the Hawaiian Islands. They can be found on the isolated beaches of the northwestern islands. They spend much of their time at sea near coral reefs. The seals habitat also consist of submerged sea banks, atolls, and other areas offshore. The monk seal typically forages for food at a depth of 60-300ft. deep (fisheries.noaa.gov). During breeding season, the monk seals are located on the sandy beaches of Hawaii. They prefer remote and secure locations when nursing their pups, which lasts a month until they return to the sea. The life span of a Hawaiian monk seal is 25-30 years. They mature at the age of five, and can grow up to 7.5 feet and weigh 400lbs. An interesting feature of the seal is they are born black, but grow a silver coat later in life. The monk seal is considered a benthic forager which eat fish, eels, octopus, and crustaceans (fisheries.noaa.gov). There are several reasons for the Hawaiian monk seals population has declined at such a rapid rate over the past few decades. First of all, the human population on the islands has disturbed the animals natural habitat. The seals often die after getting caught in fishing nets, and there is a decrease in food available which might be attributed to overfishing in the area. The seals have faced difficulty in finding sufficient food due to competition from other predators as well. Also, the monk seal is a source of prey for sharks which adds to its loss in numbers. Genetic variability is low among the Hawaiian monk seals, which has added to the species difficulty in recovering from its endangered status. This is compounded by the fact that subpopulations fail to migrate or interact with populations of differing islands. This has caused inbreeding which carries with it a host of negative consequences. Genetic diversity helps a species to recover by promoting disease resistance and adaptability to a changing environment. On the other hand, a lack of diversity increases a chance for disease and reproductive failure (Kretzmann 482-483). Inbreeding occurs when the number of potential mates is low, and it carries with it a number of concerns. When a species is facing extinction, the absence of genetic diversity can compound its struggle for survival. DNA testing of the monk seal has shown that its genetic diversity is extremely low. Because of this, an outbreak of an infectious disease could possibly cause the Hawaiian monk seal to become extinct (Kretzmann 487). If the seals were to breed with populations from differing islands, it could hypothetically increase their chance for survival. Mobbing, or the aggressive behavior exhibited by male seals, often results in the death of a female or young seal. It occurs when a group of males attempt to mate with one female and end up attacking the female. The resulting injuries can lead to infection or death. This is causing slower development of the seals population. It is found that in groups of smaller populations with slower growth rates, instances of this behavior are higher. It is thought that mobbing is a learned behavior that may take time to be overcome. Intervention can be used to decrease mobbing behavior, such as removing a set number of males from an area where there is an unequal gender ratio (Starfield and Roth 166, 169). There is currently action being taken to help the species recover. The Hawaiian Monk Seal Captive Care Workshop was created to halt the population decline and help it to recover. The organization believes that an annual reduction in population of 3.9% is due to the poor survival rate of juvenile seals. By supporting captive seals through rehabilitation, nutrition, and relocation, the group hopes to increase survival. It also advocates for other methods of helping the species, such as disentangling seals caught in fishing nets and removing debris from its habitat (Baker and Littnan 11). Other methods include removing sharks from the seals habitat, or relocating pups to areas where there is a lower risk from predators. Captive care and release helps undernourished or ill pups that might otherwise die. Once they are healthy, the young seals are relocated to an area where they will have a better chance of survival (Baker and Littnan 11, 12). It has been found that a high rate of seal pups die shortly after being weaned from the mother. The mother will leave the pup after one month of nursing, and if the pup is unable to find sufficient food, it faces starvation and death. The importance of the conservation efforts by these captive care and release programs cannot be understated. Since the Hawaiian monk seals have low genetic variability, they are more susceptible to disease. It is thought that another species, the Caribbean monk seal (Neomonachus Tropicalis), had a susceptibility for disease which likely hastened its extinction. The morbillivirus is of particular concern for the Hawaiian monk seals. The morbillivirus is a string of viruses that include the measles, which can be spread quickly and easily. Once a seal has become infected with the virus, the lungs and brain are affected, which can lead to death in as little as 5 days. The disease has already killed thousands of Atlantic seals and dolphins. Since the seals have no immunity to these viruses, scientists have taken action to create and administer a vaccination (Rogers). Once scientists found a suitable vaccine, they began to administer it to the seals in 2015. The vaccination process begins with a single injection, followed up with a booster shot one month later. As of September 2016, 43 Hawaiian monk seals have received the vaccination. The group of scientists (HMSRP) administering the shots hope that this project will be successful and grow. The Hawaiian Monk Seal Research Program is also involved in other interventions such as removing seals from fishing nets and hooks, rehabilitating malnourished pups, and relocating seals to higher survival areas. Their efforts have slowed the populations decline by over half in the past 3 decades (Rogers). While the monk seal once had instrumental value, and were hunted for their furs, this led to the near extinction of the species in the early 1900s. Since the seal is no longer used for human purposes, it is now appreciated mainly for its intrinsic beauty. Intrinsic beauty is something that can be valued for its own sake. The monk seal is a rare animal that can be appreciated for its uniqueness, and has been an important aspect of the Hawaiian Islands for over 3 million years. The Hawaiian monk seal is also important to other species and the areas ecosystem. They are an apex predator and play an important role in keeping a number of prey from becoming overpopulated. Therefore, they create a balance needed for in maintaining a diverse and stable ecosystem (Muneoka). This is a significant reason for the conservation of the Hawaiian monk seals. The Hawaiian monk seal has faces so many obstacles over the past century, yet it has been able to survive in spite of these. The most alarming problem that the seals face is lack of food. The juvenile seals are facing a continuing threat of starvation, and they are in constant competition with fisheries and other predators. Protected areas for the seals have been used in the past, and expanding these will likely help. It will not only increase food supply for the seals, but will also prevent them from getting caught by fish hooks or nets. Until there is a greater supply of food for the monk seals, efforts in capturing and rehabilitating the young pups is important. Also, once they seals are at a healthier weight, they can be placed in an area where there is a higher source of food and increased chance of survival. Relocating seals is also helpful in increasing genetic diversity, which will help in the species ability to fight disease. Inoculation of the monk seal is also a good attempt at decreasing the seals vulnerability of disease. One other concern, mobbing, is a factor that is decreasing the chance of the seals survival. Interventions, such as removing males from areas where there is an imbalanced ratio of male to female, are helpful. With all of these efforts, and the noble concern of the people involved, the Hawaiian monk seal is beginning to see a brighter future. The population of monk seals has rising 3% annually over the past 3 years. As of January, 2017, there is an estimate of 1,400 Hawaiian monk seals. This is a great improvement, considering there were 1,112 seals in 2015. Interestingly, the state of Hawaii has dedicated 2017 as the Year of the Monk Seal. In conclusion, with the continuing hard work of the hard working people involved to save the Hawaiian monk seal, there is great hope for the species survival in the future. Works Cited Hawaiian Monk Seal (Neomonachus schauinslandi). http://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/pr/species/mammals/seals/hawaiian-monk-seal.html. Web. 16 Feb. 2017. Historical Timeline of the Hawaiian Monk Seal. http://www.fpir.noaa.gov/Library/PRD/Hawaiian%20monk%20seal/HMS_natural_history_timelineWEB.pdf. Web. 16 Feb. 2017. Schmelzer, Isabelle. Seals and Seascapes: Covariation in Hawaiian Monk Seal Subpopulations and the Oceanic Landscape of the Hawaiian Archipelago. Journal of Biogeography 27.4 (2000): 901-914. Academic Search Complete. Web. 16 Feb. 2017. Kretzmann, Maria B., et al. Low Genetic Variability in the Hawaiian Monk Seal. Conservation Biology, vol. 11, no. 2, 1997, pp. 482-490., www.jstor.org/stable/2387621. Web. 16 Feb. 2017. Starfield, Anthony M., et al. Mobbing in Hawaiian Monk Seals (Monachus Schauinslani): The Value of Simulation Modeling in the Absence of Apparently Crucial Data. Conservation Biology, vol. 9, no. 1, 1995, pp. 166-174., www.jstor.org/stable/2386398. Baker, Jason and Littnan, Charles. Report of the Hawaiian Monk Seal Captive Care Workshop, Honolulu, Hawaii, June 11-13, 2007. Pacific Islands Fish. Sci. Cent., Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv., (2008). Rogers, Kim. Why Rare Hawaiian Monk Seals Are Lining Up to Get Their Shots. Smithsonian (2016). http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/researchers-are-vaccinating-wild-marine-species-first-time-180960479/. Web. 17 Feb. 2017. Muneoka, Lauren. Why Care About Monk Seals? Kahea (2011). http://kahea.org/blog/why-care-about-monk-seals. Web. 20 Feb. 2017.

Essay --

2.0 DESTINATION PROFILE: SOUTH AFRICA Often called the rainbow nation, is a country filled with unique fascinating and inspiring experiences, as it offers a wide range natural landscape throughout the region, a wide variety of species, game reserves as well as the diverse mix of people and culture It is one of the top leisure destinations in the world, with its rich diversity and culture, and picture. It remain as the most favoured destination in Africa as well financial strong hold of the region. The country is very much popular among tourists as it is well developed, in terms if infrastructure, activities and offers world class services. (Manyathi,. O, 2012) Figure 1.Map : Location of South Africa †¢ http://mapsafrica.blogspot.ch Table .1 Province CAPITOL PROVINCES PROVINCES Pretoria Eastern Cape Northern Cape Capetown Gauteng Western Cape Bloemfontien Kwazulu- Natal Free State Mpumulanga Limpopo 2.1 Main Attractions Visitor attractions are the most important aspect in tourism, as they are mainly the main motivating factor of the visit. (Cooper, .C, 2012) There are wide variety offers the worlds, recognisable attractions that the destination offers ranging, fro ,beaches, wine routes and game viewing. The following is a list of most poplar attractions. ï  ¶ Kruger National Park- The largest reserve in , located in Capetown that has the highest number of animals and species. ï  ¶ 2. Table Mountain- Overlooking the city of Capetown and the famous Robben Island, it serves as both a historical attraction and also offer a wide range of activities. ï  ¶ 3. Drakensburg Mountain- A popular destination as it is the highest mountain range in Southen Africa as well as the highest cliff in the world. ï  ¶ 4. Durban beaches-They provide an e... ...ect investments (F.D.I) rose as compared to the 1990’s, recorded at 9 billion in 2008 and then declining in the following year.In 2012 F D.I decreased by 24% dropping from 6.04 billion in 2011 to 4.57 in 2012.However outflows of investment in increased from a negetive 257million to 2011$4.37billion in 2012 when investment totalled $82.37 billion INTERRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TOURISM DEMAND AND SUPPLY. Tourism demand governs the level of demand, the spatial characteristics of demand the tourists motives for doing such decisions In South Africa tourism will continuously growand offer a wide range of products . 0 http://www.southafrica.net http://www.statssa.gov.za/ublications/Report-03-51-02/Report-03-51-022012.pdf http://www.gauteng.net/attractions/entry/apartheid_museum/ http://www.southafrica.net/uploads/legacy/1/528609/2011_Annual_Report_v9_06072012.pdf

Use of a Redox Indicator to show Dehydrogenase Activity

Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (also known as T.T.C) is an example of an artificial hydrogen acceptor. It is a redox indicator which is colourless when oxidised, however when reduced, it produces a red, insoluble precipitate called ‘formazans'. T.T.C can therefore be used to investigate the enzyme activity of dehyrogenase enzymes by showing a colour change when they are present. The purpose of this experiment is to see what effect temperature has on the activity of dehydrogenase enzymes within yeast cells. Materials/Apparatus: * Actively respiring yeast suspension. This is prepared by adding 10g of dried yeast to 1dm3 of distilled water, followed by mixing in 50g of glucose. This mixture should be allowed to stand for 24 hours before the experiment takes place. * Tiphenyl tetrazolium chloride is used as a redox indicator to investigate the activity of dehydrogenase enzymes when yeast suspension is exposed to different temperatures. * Distilled water for the preparation of the yeast suspension. * Test tubes to place the mixture of yeast and T.T.C. * Test tube rack to allow the test tubes to stand upright in the water baths. * Incubator to allow enzyme activity to occur at different temperatures * Syringes to accurately measure the right amount of yeast and T.T.C needed for each solution. * A Glass rod to evenly distribute the cells in the solution after the T.T.C has been added. * Crushed ice to allow the dehyrogenase activity to take place at 10degrees. * Beakers for the yeast suspension to be prepared in. * Thermometer to measure the temperature of the water bath containing the ice cubes. * Stopwatch to measure the time taken for the solution to change colour. NOTE: The colour change is completed once the solution has turned a ‘salmon pink' colour. Allow all solutions to reach the same colour before removing them from the water baths. Method: Prepare a solution of yeast cells by adding 10g of dried yeast to 1dm3 of distilled water, followed by mixing in 50g of glucose. This mixture should be allowed to stand for 24 hours before the experiment takes place. Once the yeast suspension has been allowed to stand for 24 hours, the froth should be removed and discarded. Set up a water bath by adding ice cubes to cold water, until the water has reached 10degrees. Continue to measure the temperature with a thermometer ensuring that the temperature is maintained. Set up separate incubators at 30, 40, 50 and 60 degrees. Using a syringe, place 5cm of yeast suspension into three separate test tubes and place in the incubator. Leave for several minutes and then add 0.5cm of T.T.C into each solution and place them back into the incubator set at 30degrees. Start the stopwatch immediately. Observe carefully for any colour changes that have developed. When the colour change has taken place, take the test tubes out of the incubator and note down the time taken for the colour change to take place. Repeat this procedure at 20, 40, 50 and 60 degrees. To measure the dehydrogenase activity at 20 degrees, carry out this procedure at room temperature. Table of results: Temperature (degrees) Time taken for colour change to occur (minutes) 10 No change 20 52.11 30 26.12 40 10.08 50 4.22 60 4.43 A bar graph has been produced to portray these results so that a comparison can clearly be seen. The graph has been drawn on graph paper. Conclusion: The results from this experiment indicate that temperature has a definite affect on the activity of dehydrogenase enzymes. The graph shows that as the temperature increases, the time taken for the solution to change colour decreases. This shows that dehyrogenase enzymes work faster at a higher temperature as there was no colour change when the T.T.C was added to the yeast suspension at 10 degrees. The temperature at which the dehydrogenase enzymes worked at their quickest was 50 degrees. This indicates that 50 degrees is the optimum temperature for the enzyme activity to take place as the colour change took slightly longer when placed in a water bath set at 60 degrees. This may be due to the fact that some of the dehydrogenase enzymes could have been denatured due to the high temperature. However, it is not quite clear whether 50 degrees is the optimum temperature for the enzyme activity to take place because this experiment took place using a limited amount of temperature ranges. If this investigation was to be repeated, a wider range of temperatures could be used so that an optimum temperature could be established. Overall, the results from this experiment support the hypothesis and therefore have provided successful and sufficient data which have confirmed the predictions that were made prior to the investigation taking place.

Toni Morrison’s World essay

Toni Morrison’s World essay Toni Morrison’s World essay Toni Morrison’s World essay‘Home’ is a widely known novel written by Toni Morrison, an American novelist and editor. The story greatly focuses on Frank Money, a 24-year-old African-American, who took part in the military operations during the Korean War, and his long journey back home after being dismissed from an Army into his homeland.Indeed, ‘Home’ is a hopeful novel about the possibility of surviving in a shadow of peace. Despite all difficulties and obstacles, there is a hometown that is waiting for the main character to come back to. As a consequence, the novel properly describes the North and South much like it would be today. Undoubtedly, the South is primary is associated with tranquility and quietness while the North is known for its noisiness and hastiness.The following passages fully describe Frank Money’s perception of the South since he ultimately returns to his homeland:‘This feeling of safety and goodwill, he knew, was exa ggerated, but savoring it was real.   He convinced himself that somewhere nearby pork ribs sizzled on a yard grill†¦And he was certain that on the bank of the stream they called Wretched, a woman in a man’s straw hat fished.   For shade and comfort she would be sitting under the sweet bay tree, the one with branches spread like arms’ (Morrison 118).Hence, this passage fully examines the literary significance of a specific scene – where Frank Money describes his perception of the South, as he ultimately returns to his hometown. This evidence proves the fact that Frank has a strong desire to finally find his home in order not to look back. As a result, the well-known smells and sounds remain the protagonist of his native land and make him appreciate and value the South again. This is a well-known fact that Southerners adore cooking and love food, and Frank Money is remembering the meal that was always preparing in people’s homes. In such a case, op en arms symbolize tranquility and safely. The tree itself is very essential to this scene, as it is a symbol of the South, portraying it as a place of family and love. The character’s homeland waits for him with open arms in order to come back home and feel free and secure again.In conclusion, ‘Home’ is a surprisingly hopeful story where Toni Morrison masterly persuades the readers’ hearts to reach out to Frank Money, a veteran of the Korean War, who finally finds his home in order to never look back.

Does The British School System Prepare Students For Life †Education Essay

Does The British School System Prepare Students For Life – Education Essay Free Online Research Papers Does The British School System Prepare Students For Life Education Essay In the United Kingdom of Great Britain, being a student can be very pleasant, studying in Britain is just somewhat like playing games because of its unique culture which is born of its long history. The British educational pattern advocates physical quality as well as mental quality. Schools and universities have been taking trouble over enhancing students’ operation ability, expression ability and creativity so as to adapt the students themselves to their work and life in society. In terms of preparing students for the world of work and life in society, in my opinion, British schools and universities do have done a good job. On weekends, there are always crowds of students led by their teacher doing various kinds of outdoor activities all around the country. Some of them go to zoos while some go to visit the museums. Even some just play games and do sports on grassplot with mud on clothes and joyance on their face running, jumping and chasing around. Even if they are having class, they have fun during class without thinking too much. British students don’t have many classes every day, usually 4 classes for middle school students and less for primary students. Schools and universities give the explanation that students should not be encouraged to be bookworm because you can not learn everything especially knowledge related to practical affairs simply by reading books for several hours. British students are prompted to take part in social activities like sports, traveling, volunteer movement and other social activities held by organizations like the Students’ Club which usually links one school with others. Therefore, students are able to make friends with those from other schools, to enlarge their knowledge and to develop their social communicative ability which plays an very important role in students’ future work and life. Here are more examples. Every now and then, school and universities organizes visits to some certain places for their students to learn in real life. For instance, in Edinburgh there is a belowground museum which is actually a students’ diathesis training center and scientific education center. There, students have the chance to take a â€Å"time elevator† to see what the world is like during its different developing periods. Besides, students can get to learn how Great Britain was formed, what kinds of animals and insects live in remote antiquity on a big vaulted screen with vivid audio effects. As a result, students learn geography, biology and history in a more dramatic and intuitionistic way which compared with learning in class enables the student to obtain knowledge much better. As regards assignments, the British education system pays much attention to the students operation ability rather than just matching all the keys. There are not many examinations, but students are required to do a lot of course works and presentations which awfully forge the students operation ability, expression ability and creativity. The assignments are mainly about pragmatic affairs which call for personally operation and teamwork and imagination. As there are no standard answers for these kinds of assignments, the students creativity is greatly blazed. Often teachers encourage students to develop their own thoughts and inspire the students to discover new methods to solve problems. Compared to the students who simply copy from books which normally provide correct but uniform answers, some students can get higher marks from teachers as long as they expatiate on certain topics appropriately and reasonably, especially in their own way. That is the reason why students are able to ad apt themselves to the job right after graduation. Furthermore, the profundity of the course is wide and the scope is low. British keep the point of view that the competition of the society is so fierce that one is not able to get a fine job unless one is accomplished in a specific field .Most of the English students choose major according to their own interest and make it a lifetime career, only those who concentrate on a specific major will be able to base one self upon the society. As a result, there are various items of majors with a minute classification in Britain. For instance, the MBA major in some colleges will be classified into finance MBA, marketing MBA, international MBA, transportation MBA, raiment MBA and even sports MBA. As we all know, professionals are people who know everything about something. Compared to those who know something about everything, companies will of course take the former considering the contribution they can make for the company. In addition, schools and universities provide omnifarious things for students to learn. Literally speaking, students have to go through everything that is considered â€Å"big event† in one’s life. For example, British government officially adds a course of being a father which includes how to deal with marriage contradiction and children punishment to required courses. Obviously, the aim is to get students ready for their marriage. During the class, students are asked to act a mother or father whose job is to take care of their children concerning all kinds of problems in real life like finance, housework, communication with children, income so on and so forth. According to a report from the British government, teachers are required to teach the students with their own experience for example. Besides, psychological guidance is also provided for the students before they graduate. There is a course which trains the students’ how to face death of oneself or of oneà ¢â‚¬â„¢s kins and friends, parents’ separation and divorce. Even sometimes, stuff from funeral house or nurses are invited to give a speech on one’s death. The British Ministry of Education says, â€Å" We by no means to frighten the students, instead, we intend to help the students experience the loss and tragic changes they might encounter in the future in order to develop ability to control emotion and tough endurance towards different situations. What about the situation in China? If the British education is called â€Å"practical orientation†, then we should call the Chinese education â€Å"theoretical orientation†. In China, from the very beginning, students are strictly required to follow every regulation in school or in universities. You will easily find a very typical routine for a Chinese student: he wakes up early in the morning and hastily swallows his breakfast; then begins the four morning classes before a 2-hour period for noon rest; he has to have another 4 classes (afternoon classes); after the day-classes, he with great exhaustibility has his supper and slightly enjoys himself in a very limited time. Following comes the night independent study which lasts from 7 in the evening to 9:30. Finally, he drags himself home, takes a bath which gets rid of all the weariness. However, he has to finish the rest of piles of homework before he can go to bed. How terrible! What’s more, usually Chinese students keep deathly silent in class to show their concentration and respect to teachers. Meanwhile, students are mainly acquiring knowledge by listening to teachers’ lecture as well as reading textbooks and doing a large amount of homework which is the most unique characteristic of Chinese education. And there are many examinations which classifies students by marks.(usually full marks is 100). Moreover, no matter what subject a Chinese student is interested in, he has to cover all the subjects required including Chinese, mathematics, English, politics, physics, chemistry, geography, biology and P.E. lesson. Because of the fierce competition of entering a good university, Chinese students have to put every effort to get as high marks as they can to gain a favorable ranking in the university entrance examination. In China, we have a idiom goes like â€Å"marks decide everything†. Unlike the British education, Chinese ed ucation attaches more importance to students’ theoretical ability than practical ability although Chinese students are provided with experimental classes and other supplementary teaching method. Nevertheless, the number of social and operational activities are far from that of Britain’s. In conclusion, we can see the gap between China and Britain on education. Concerning the current situation and development of the world, we Chinese should learn from Britain whose education contributes a lot to its jot market. Nowadays, the competition is growing more and more fierce with the globalization and incorporation deepening, skilled people are in great need. In fact, people with a range of knowledge as well as an outstanding operational ability are more competitive and likely to make great contribution to the country. Therefore, if China wants to stand upright in the world, the all-important mission is to reform its education and try its best to supply skilled people to its economic development and social progress. I believe in the near future, China will become more and more powerful. Research Papers on Does The British School System Prepare Students For Life - Education EssayStandardized TestingHip-Hop is ArtAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2Bringing Democracy to AfricaAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropePersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyTrailblazing by Eric AndersonRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andQuebec and CanadaInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married Males

Key Historical Figures in Statistics

Key Historical Figures in Statistics Free Online Research Papers Some of the key statisticians, in history, are John Graunt, Jacques Bernoulli, Ronald Fisher, Galileo, Blaise Pascal, and Pierre de Fermat. They each had their own theories, inputs, and contributions which aided in the development of statistics. Early applications of statistical came from the needs of states to base their policies on demographic and economic data. London, England was suffering from plague outbreaks and the King wanted some sort of an early warning system of the threat of fresh outbreaks. Weekly records were kept of mortality and the causes of death in the capital. John Graunt made an estimate of the population of London. This is thought to be the first example of the interpretation of passive data and the real beginning of statistics. The important fact about this was that John Graunt checked his calculations of total population by going to the evidence. John Graunt was the pioneer of demography and produced the first life table (Who Invented Statistics, 2010). He wrote a book called Natural and Political Observations upon the Bills of Mortality in 1662. This book refers to the collections of mortality figures in London and he is regarded as the author of the first book on statistics (Statisticians T hrough History, 2001 2010). Mathematical foundations were not added or used until the 17th century, with the development of the Probability Theory, by Blaise Pascal and Pierre de Fermat, strongly influencing the development of modern economics and social science (Answers.com, 2010). The Probability Theory came about from the study of games of chance. An example of this theory would be if you had a deck of 52 playing cards and you wanted to find the probability of picking one card from the deck and it being a heart. There are 13 cards in the deck that are heart, so the solution would be 13/52 or 1/4. So the probability is 25% you will pick a heart on the first try from the deck. Most of the graphical methods and other significance tests come from the 20th century. In today’s society, statistics are widely used by state, local, and federal government, various businesses, social sciences, etc. to name a few. With the use of modern technology, statistical computation has risen to new levels that would be take too much time to try and perform manually. ? References Answers.com. (2010). Retrieved July 2010, from Who was Blaise Pascal and what did he invent: http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Who_was_blaise_pascal_and_what_did_he_invent John Aldrich, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK. (2010, July). Retrieved July 2010, from Figures from the History of Probability and Statistica: economics.soton.ac.uk/staff/aldrich/Figures.htm Statisticians Through History. (2001 2010). Retrieved July 2010, from bized.co.uk/timeweb/reference/statisticians.htm Who Invented Statistics. (2010). Retrieved July 2010, from Ask Answers: http://answers.ask.com/Science/Mathematics/who_invented_statistics Research Papers on Key Historical Figures in StatisticsInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesResearch Process Part OneIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalCapital PunishmentThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseQuebec and CanadaBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XBringing Democracy to AfricaPETSTEL analysis of IndiaEffects of Television Violence on Children